Page 114 - Maths Class 06

At a Glance

a
l The number of the form , where a and b are natural numbers, are called fractions. We call a as the
b
a
numerator and b as the denominator, in .
b

l Equivalent fractions are those fractions, where two or more fractions represents the same part of a
whole.

l To get a fraction equivalent to a given fraction, we multiply or divide the numerator and denominator
of the given fraction by the same non-zero number.
l Like fractions are those fractions whose denominators are same, otherwise they are called unlike
fractions.

l Proper fractions are those fractions whose numerators are less than their denominators, otherwise
they are alled improper fractions.

l A mixed fraction = A whole number + A fraction.
l The following rules are used to compare fractions:
Rule 1. Among the two fractions with the same denominator, the one with great numerator is
greater of the two.
Rule 2. Among the two frac tions with the same nu mer a tor, the one with smaller de nom i na tor is
greater of the two.

a c
Rule 3. (General Method) : Let and be two fractions.
b d
Then :
a c
Step 1. Cross mul ti ply, and find the prod uct of ad and bc.
b d
a c a c a c
<
=
Step 2. (i) If ad bc, > . (ii) If ad bc, < (iii) If ad bc, =
>
b d b d b d
Sum of their numerators
l Sum of the like fractions =
Common denominator
Difference of their numerators
l Difference of like fractions =
Common denominator
l For adding unlike fractions, change them into equivalent like fractions and then add.

l For subtracting unlike fractions, change them into equivalent like fractions and then subtract.

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